With a nod to ongoing US racial tension and attempts to limit voting rights, president Barack Obama declared the work of the Civil Rights Movement advanced but unfinished on Saturday on a visit to the Alabama bridge that spawned a landmark voting law.
Mr Obama, the first black US president, said discrimination revealed in a report about law enforcement practices in Ferguson, Missouri, this week showed a lot of work needed to be done on race in America, but he warned it was wrong to suggest that progress had not been made.
“Fifty years from Bloody Sunday, our march is not yet ended, but we’re getting closer,” Mr Obama said, standing near the Edmund Pettus Bridge, where police and state troopers beat and used tear gas against peaceful marchers who were advocating against racial discrimination at the voting booth.
The event became known as “Bloody Sunday” and prompted a follow-up march led by civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. that spurred the 1965 Voting Rights Act.
The anniversary comes at a time of renewed focus on racial disparities in the United States including discrimination among law enforcement against black citizens nationwide.
Obama condemned the city of Ferguson on Friday for “oppressive and abusive” actions against black residents that were revealed in a US Justice Department report accusing police and court officials of racial bias.
On Saturday, he criticised efforts to limit voting rights in a clash between Republicans and Democrats across the country.
“Right now, in 2015, fifty years after Selma, there are laws across this country designed to make it harder for people to vote. As we speak, more of such laws are being proposed,” he said. “Meanwhile, the Voting Rights Act, the culmination of so much blood, so much sweat and tears, the product of so much sacrifice in the face of wanton violence ... stands weakened.”
Rev Raphael Warnock, the 45-year-old pastor of the Atlanta church led by King at the height of the Civil Rights Movement, lamented that the measure was now in limbo.
“I’m glad to see a parade of politicians here, but two years later we still are waiting on reauthorization of the Voting Rights Act,” he said. “You can’t celebrate lessons of history from one period while standing on the wrong side of history today.”
Others reflected on how much had changed since the violence of a bygone era.
“Fifty years ago if we were standing here we would be surprised if a police officer did not beat us,” said Dick Gregory, 83, who was on the bridge 50 years before.
Obama was joined by his wife Michelle, daughters Malia and Sasha, and mother-in-law Marianne Robinson to mark the anniversary. President George W. Bush and his wife, Laura, also attended.