The Sudanese army faces widening opposition to this week's coup with the UN Security Council on Thursday urging the restoration of the civilian-led transitional government and activists in Sudan mobilising for protests this weekend.
The takeover, led by Gen Abdel Fattah al-Burhan on Monday against a civilian government, has brought thousands of people on to the streets to reject a return of military rule and demand a transition towards civilian rule be put back on track.
Witnesses said they saw security forces use live and rubber bullets against protesters in Bahri, across the river from the capital, Khartoum, as nightly protests began to pick up.
The Security Council expressed serious concern about the takeover and urged all parties to exercise maximum restraint and engage in dialogue without pre-conditions.
In a statement, agreed by consensus, the 15-member body also called for the immediate release of all those who have been detained by the military.
The coup brought an end to a shaky transitional set-up intended to lead to elections in 2023 by sharing power between civilians and the military following the fall of Omar al-Bashir, whom the army deposed after a popular uprising two years ago.
It has been met with broad condemnation from Western governments including the United States, which threw diplomatic and financial weight behind the transition and has frozen aid since the coup.
In a statement posted on Facebook overnight, ministries and agencies of Sudan's most populous state, Khartoum, which includes the capital and twin city Omdurman, said they would not step aside or hand over their duties.
They declared a general strike, joining unions in sectors such as healthcare and aviation, although they said they would continue to supply flour, cooking gas and emergency medical care.
Queues for bread
The main market, banks and filling stations in Khartoum were still closed on Thursday. Hospitals were providing only emergency services. Smaller shops were open, but there were long queues for bread.
US secretary of state Antony Blinken tweeted overnight that he had spoken by phone to foreign minister Mariam Sadiq al-Mahdi.
Mr Blinken said he condemned the arrest of civilian leaders in Sudan and discussed with Ms Mahdi “how the US can best support the Sudanese people’s call for a return to civilian-led transition to democracy”.
A UN official urged Gen Burhan to start a dialogue with ousted prime minister Abdalla Hamdok and offered to facilitate a political settlement.
A statement issued by the office of UN special representative to Sudan Volker Perthes did not say how Gen Burhan had responded to the offer made at a meeting on Wednesday.
Mr Perthes urged Burhan to deescalate the situation.
Mr Hamdok, initially held at Gen Burhan’s residence, was allowed to return home under guard on Tuesday. A source close to him said he remains committed to a civilian democratic transition and the goals of the revolt that toppled Bashir.
The toll of people killed in clashes with security forces since Monday climbed to eight, with a 22-year-old man dying of gunshot wounds, a medical source said. Opponents fear the army-led authorities could deploy more force.
The source close to Mr Hamdok said the prime minister had called for the military to avoid violence against protesters.
Opponents of the coup have been handing out fliers calling for a “march of millions” on Saturday against military rule, falling back on old methods of mobilisation with the authorities restricting the use of internet and phones.
The protest is being called under the slogan “Leave!” used in the protests that brought down Bashir.
Economic crisis
Since the anti-Bashir uprising, protests have been organised through neighbourhood committees that can mobilise locally without access to the internet or to major roads closed by security forces.
Sudan has been in the midst of a deep economic crisis with record inflation and shortages of basic goods, which only recently showed signs of possible improvement helped by aid that major Western donors say will end unless the coup is reversed.
More than half the population is living in poverty and child malnutrition stands at 38 per cent, according to the United Nations.
Gen Burhan’s move reasserted the army’s dominant role in Sudan since independence in 1956, after weeks of mounting tension between the military and civilians in the transitional government over issues including whether to hand Bashir and others over to The Hague where they are wanted for war crimes.
Burhan has said he acted to stop the country slipping into civil war and has promised elections in July 2023.
Western envoys had warned Gen Burhan that assistance, including a now frozen $700 million (€600 million) in US aid and $2 billion from the World Bank, would cease if he took power. Sources said he ignored those warnings under pressure from inside the military and with a "green light" from Russia. – Reuters