Protesters clashed with police in Bahrain today as the government tightened security in the Gulf island state for an opposition "Day of Rage" inspired by upheaval in Egypt and Tunisia.
Helicopters circled over the capital Manama, where protesters were due to gather later in the day, and security forces tightened their grip on Shia communities.
At least 14 people were wounded in clashes in three villages overnight and today. Police broke up one protest with teargas and rubber bullets.
Bahrain, where a Sunni family rules over a Shia majority, has offered cash payouts in the run-up to the protest, in a move that appears to be aimed at preventing Shia discontent from bubbling over as popular revolts spread in the Arab world.
In the village of Diraz, authorities dispersed with teargas about 100 Shia protesters who had squared off with police, shouting slogans demanding more political rights.
"We don't want to overthrow the ruling family, we just want to have our say," said Ali Jassem, married to a daughter of Sheikh Issa Qassem, a powerful Bahrain Shia cleric.
Diplomats say Bahrain's demonstrations, organised on Facebook and Twitter, will gauge whether a larger base of Shias can be drawn to the streets. The big test will be if protests take hold in Manama, where demonstrations are rare.
"We call on all Bahraini people - men, women, boys and girls - to share in our rallies in a peaceful and civilised way to guarantee a stable and promising future for ourselves and our children," Bahrain activists said in a statement on Twitter.
"We would like to stress that February 14th is only the beginning. The road may be long and the rallies may continue for days and weeks, but if a people one day chooses life, then destiny will respond."
Analysts say large-scale unrest in Bahrain could embolden marginalised Shias in nearby Saudi Arabia, the world's biggest oil exporter.
There was no immediate comment from Bahraini authorities.
Bahrain is a small oil-producing country whose Shia population has long complained of discrimination by the ruling Sunni al-Khalifa family, well before popular uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt emboldened activists throughout the region.
Tension was high in Shia villages today.
In the village of Nuweidrat, police used teargas and rubber bullets to disperse a crowd demanding the release of Shia detainees, and 10 people were hurt, witnesses said.
"There were 2,000 sitting in the street voicing their demands when police started firing," 24-year-old Kamel said, declining to give his full name. Nearby, streets were littered with teargas canisters and rubber bullets.
The scene was different in Manama, where government supporters honked car horns and waved Bahraini flags to celebrate the 10th anniversary of a national charter introduced after unrest in the 1990s.
In Karzakan, where security forces regularly skirmish with Shia youths, police clashed late yesterday with residents and one person was injured, witnesses said. Police said three officers were hurt.
Protest organisers say they want the dissolution of Bahrain's constitution, to be replaced with a new version penned by a committee that includes both Sunnis and Shias.
They want the country's prime minister to be directly elected by the people, and demand the release of "all political prisoners", and an investigation of torture allegations.
King Hamad bin Isa al-Khalifa, trying to defuse the tension, said he would give 1,000 dinars ($2,650) to each local family, and the government has indicated that it may free minors arrested under a security crackdown last year.
Non-OPEC Bahrain, which unlike Gulf Arab peers has little spare cash to use for social problems, has also said it would spend an extra $417 million on social items, including food subsidies, reversing attempts to prepare the public for cuts.
Reuters