Cambodia still suffering 20 years after Pol Pot

The people of Cambodia are still waiting

The people of Cambodia are still waiting. This gentle, downtrodden race has been waiting for more than 20 years for Pol Pot's men to be brought to justice for one of the most horrible genocides of the 20th century.

Phoeunsok Sopee breaks down and weeps as she recalls the day in 1977 when the Khmer Rouge army came to her village and butchered her family. It is a day she does not think about too often, but one that will nevertheless always remain in her memory.

"They came and murdered everyone in the village," she recalls, sitting outside a neighbour's wooden hut in Chheu Kroam village in Banteay Meanchey Province in northwest Cambodia. "Very few people were spared."

The wild-eyed soldiers literally hacked her mother, father, aunt and five brothers and sisters to death. The only reason seven-year-old Sopee was spared was because she was ill and asleep and they thought she was already dead.

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Sopee went from one hell to another. After the massacre she was adopted by a family from a nearby village who worked her like a slave. She is now married with four children and pregnant with her fifth. There is hardly enough food to feed the four let alone another one.

Sopee does not care if Pol Pot's men ever come to justice. She does not want to know about war crimes tribunals or justice. "I just want to have work, food and a good future for my family," she said.

Her husband is a soldier waiting to be officially demobilised by the army. He is paid $20 a month, but some months the money does not come. They moved from the military base to Chheu Kroam a few months ago. The shack where they live is in a minefield, 200 metres away from the safe area.

The Halo Trust mine clearance programme has been working in this village for months. This particular area is being funded by grant aid from the Irish Government. The deputy programme manager for the Halo Trust in Cambodia is an Irishman, Mr David McMahon. The Halo team will reach the area where Sopee's family live in weeks. In the meantime, her children are daily at risk of death.

It is impossible to meet anyone here who has not had a family member slaughtered by Pol Pot and his Khmer Rouge soldiers. Up to two million Cambodians are estimated to have perished in the "killing fields" between 1975 and 1979.

The Cambodian government, under the Prime Minister, Mr Hun Sen, is coming under increasing pressure from the UN and the US to introduction legislation to try former Khmer Rouge leaders.

In January, parliament agreed to set up a tribunal with the assistance of UN-appointed prosecutors and judges. However, preparations for the trial were dealt a blow in February when Hun Sen said a draft law for the trial had to be reconsidered.

In April he promised the Bill would be finalised before the start in Tokyo today of an important donor meeting for Cambodia. But last week he said the legislation would not be finalised until after the meeting, at which Cambodia is seeking $500 million in aid, despite allegations of widespread corruption.

More than a quarter of a century after the "Killing Fields" and three years after his death while on the run, Pol Pot's vicious legacy still remains. Cambodia is a country still suffering the fall-out of social, economic and political destruction. It continues to be one of the world's poorest nations, heavily dependent on foreign assistance.

Sixty per cent of children are estimated to be illiterate. There is virtually no electricity in the countryside. People depend on batteries for light, which they bring into their local villages on the back of bicycles to get recharged every other day.

It is not known how many land-mines are scattered around the country, the result of years of war. Halo Trust estimates there are half a million. Hundreds of Cambodians lose limbs every year through land-mine accidents. In Siem Reap, a fast-developing town beside the famous Angkor Wat temples, you see amputees everywhere, begging for whatever few cents they can get from tourists.

And now Cambodia is facing a new scourge. The country has one of the fastest-growing HIV/AIDS epidemics in Asia, but the government is in denial. So the people of this devastated land which has suffered so much now face another huge battle.