Two US human rights groups today sued Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, saying he first authorized and then failed to stop torture of prisoners in Iraq and Afghanistan.
The American Civil Liberties Union and Human Rights First filed suit in federal district court in Mr Rumsfeld's home state of Illinois on behalf of eight former detainees who said they were severely tortured.
All eight were subsequently released without being charged.
"Secretary Rumsfeld bears direct and ultimate responsibility for this descent into horror by personally authorizing unlawful interrogation techniques and by abdicating his legal duty to stop torture," said Lucas Guttentag, lead counsel in the case.
The Pentagon said it was studying the complaint and had no immediate comment.
The ACLU filed similar complaints against three other senior officers: Col. Thomas Pappas, Gen. Janis Karpinski and Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez on behalf of prisoners mistreated at Iraq's Abu Ghraib prison.
The suit against Rumsfeld focuses on an order he signed on Dec. 2, 2002 which authorized new interrogation techniques for detainees in the "war on terror" being held at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba.
The techniques included "stress positions," hooding, 20-hour interrogations, removal of clothing, exploiting phobias to induce stress, prolonged isolation and sensory deprivation.
Later, when evidence became overwhelming that prisoners were being tortured, Mr Rumsfeld turned a blind eye and allowed the mistreatment to proceed, the suit alleges.
"Secretary Rumsfeld knew full well that his orders were causing torture and he knew that torture was occurring on a widespread basis and he did not stop it," Mr Guttentag said.