Many Swedish voters confused as euro referendum looms

SWEDEN: "I have already voted Yes," says Fredrik, a 38-year-old Stockholm business consultant when asked how he will vote in…

SWEDEN: "I have already voted Yes," says Fredrik, a 38-year-old Stockholm business consultant when asked how he will vote in next Sunday's referendum on whether Sweden should swap the krona for the euro and join the Economic and Monetary Union.

Out of the country on polling day, he argues the main reasons for his decision are political. "Shall Sweden once again be outside, shall we not take part in the main projects of the union and shall the Baltic States have the euro and we not?"

But it seems unlikely that Sweden will adopt the euro. The referendum comes at a time when all indications suggest dark days ahead for the larger euro economies.

Fredrik says he's exasperated with Swedish isolationism and says most of his friends will also vote Yes. But he is one of a few, if opinion polls are to be believed.

READ MORE

Most people approaching the referendum have haphazard reasons. Perhaps the toll of a relentless campaign is beginning to show on a public which has endured daily onslaughts of euro infomania. But people still feel confused and uninformed on the issues.

In general yes and no answers are disliked by Swedes. Given the option, a diplomatic reply is often preferred over a definite one. Which means that many Swedes, when confronted with a decisive question, will most likely reply "it depends".

The euro referendum is simply distressing many potential voters in these final days. The ruling Social Democratic party, and much of the country, remain divided on the issue.

Euro opponents continue to dominate despite heavy campaigning for the single currency by the Social Democrats.

Since the referendum was announced last November, the No side has led the opinion polls, averaging 45-48 per cent. The Yes side has trailed, with the numbers of undecided between 15 and 20 per cent. It is this group both sides are now appealing to.

Most Swedes are critical of the campaign, which has been reduced to political volleying rather than sound economic arguments.

Whether Sweden is in or out, voters say that few can predict what will happen in the euro area or Sweden. However, they are mindful of the warnings and threats that have characterised the campaign.

Sweden's Foreign Minister, Ms Anna Lindh, says it's now or never. She recently teamed up with Mr Carl Henric Svanberg, chief executive of Swedish telecommunications giant Ericsson. He threatened to pull Ericsson's headquarters from Sweden if voters rejected the euro.

Sweden, they argue, will be less attractive as an alternative for firms considering expansion.

Typically, it is a rural and urban divide, with the Yes majority in the bigger cities and No in the countryside.

The Yes side, led by Prime Minister Mr Göran Persson, says joining will offer Sweden more economic and political influence within Europe. Mr Persson promises increased investment for Sweden, economic growth and the creation of 100,000 jobs, which economists have disputed.

The No side says the welfare state will be weakened. Sweden will be powerless to control its economic future. It argues that Sweden can manage on its own.

It's true the Swedish economy is outperforming that of the euro zone. Unemployment is lower and official Swedish interest rates stand at 2.75 per cent compared with the European Central Bank's (ECB's) 2 per cent.

But last Friday the governing board of the Riksbank, Sweden's central bank, issued a statement supporting the euro.

Despite depriving it of its ultimate power to set interest rates, the board argues that Sweden and the central bank would have more power to influence policy within the ECB system.

Last week the head of the Riksbank, Mr Lars Heikensten, said the value of a national monetary policy is exaggerated.

This gave a timely boost for the Prime Minister, whose campaign recently seemed to be getting more desperate. With five of his prominent ministers campaigning for a No, including his trade and industry minister, who prefers the wait-and-see approach, Mr Persson needs all the support he can muster. His earlier attempts to gag dissenting voices within his party have not won him many votes. However, he does have the support of unions and industry.

The Prime Minister has also diminished the No side's refrain that a Yes is irrevocable but a No can be changed. Anxious to calm fears, he said that, even if Sweden voted Yes, he would delay adoption of the euro if the Stability and Growth Pact fell apart.

Mr Persson said he disliked referendums and would have preferred parliament to decide on the euro - so would many Swedes.

It's now up to the undecided voters to take a stand.